THE GLOBAL CHALLENGE OF DIABETES MELLITUS Case Solution And Analysis, HBR Case Study Solution & Analysis of Harvard Case Studies

The Global Challenge of Diabetes Mellitus Case Study Solution

Abstract

The study has been conducted on diabetes mellitus type II which is one of the most common metabolic diseases. Around 90% of the entire population of the world which is affected by diabetes is affected by the diabetes mellitus type II. This type of diabetes is developed through insulin resistance in which the cells are unable to reach the insulin. The disease is diagnosed through conducting blood tests and physical examination for evaluating the sugar blood level and glucose level. In a research, it was found that around 9.8% of the population in the United States is suffering from diabetes type 2. It was also forecasted that the total population of the world is 5861 million and 591.9 million people would be affected by Diabetes Mellitus Type II in the year 2035.

For managing the treatment of the disease, it is important for the person to be engaged in physical activity by exercising daily. Another method is having a proper diet plan which contains high carbohydrates nutrition that would decrease the high blood sugar levels and avoid eating sweet products.

Introduction

One of the common diseases is diabetes which is caused due to high blood glucose or high blood sugar. In the year 2015, around 30.5 million of the people had been affected by diabetes in the United States which is around 9.4% of the entire population. In that population, around ¼ did not even have theidea that they had diabetes(Das-Munshi, 2007).

Generally, there are two main types of diabetes;diabetes type I and diabetes types II. The first type of diabetes type I is caused by the lack of insulin in the body. This causes the immune system to weaken and further the cells are attacked in the pancreas. The type I diabetes is diagnosed mostly in children and also in young adults. This disease could occur at any age and for people to fight back against the disease they need to take insulin almost every day in order to stayalive(LMusselman, 2003).

There are also other forms of diabetes such as gestational diabetes, monogenic diabetes and cystic fibrosis-related diabetes. The gestational diabetes is another common type of diabetes which is usually caused by pregnant women. Gestational diabetes also causes high sugar level which is considered harmful for the baby’s health and woman’s health as well(Bellamy, 2009). However, there is good news about this diabetes as it could be controlled by eating healthy food, exercising daily and also there are medications which could help in controlling the disease(Macintosh, 2006). Once the pregnant woman delivers the baby, the blood sugar of the woman returns to normal, however, the woman are still at risk for getting diabetes type II(Kim, 2002).

The other two monogenic diabetes and cystic fibrosis-related diabetes are rare and are also caused by high sugar(Steck, 2011). The main types of diabetes which would be discussed in this narrative review is the diabetes mellitus type II. The diabetes mellitus type II is caused when the body does not produce enough for making the immune system stronger and also the cells are unable to reach the insulin(Skelly, 2006). Around 90% of the entire population in the world affected by the diabetes is affected by the diabetes mellitus type II. People who are affected by the diabetes are engaged in healthy eating, exercise and observing the high glucose level(Moss SE, 2008).

Generally, the people who are most at risk of developing diabetes are the obese and overweight people since the obese and overweight people have high fat which causes the immune system to weaken(Freemantle et al., 2008). The diabetes mellitus type II is a progressive disease which keeps on worsening if obese and overweight people eat mostly junk food and are physically inactive and might even lead to death(Bonds, 2010).

Disease Presentation

The diabetes mellitus type II is caused when the body does not produce insulin. This occurs when the pancreas stop producing insulin in the body which weakens the immune system. Also, the high sugar level or high glucose levels cause the disease to develop. It is still not clear whether this is caused due to genetics such as family medical conditions or due to environmental factors. However, it is found out that the majority of obese or overweight people are affected by Mellitus type II diabetes(Campbell et al., 2003).

THE GLOBAL CHALLENGE OF DIABETES MELLITUS Harvard Case Solution & Analysis

Insulin is one of the hormones which is produced in the pancreas and is further released into the bloodstream. Insulin circulates in the blood which helps in controlling the sugar levels through entering the cells. The purpose of insulin is to lower the sugar level and once the sugar level is lowered, the emission of insulin from pancreas also drops(Middelberg et al., 2003).

Glucose is referred to sugar that contributes ahigh source of energy for the muscles and other tissues. Glucose comes from two major sources first is the liver and second is the food we eat. Sugar is absorbed and stored in the pancreas and with the help of insulin is produced in the bloodstream. If the glucose level is low which is caused by low consumption of food, the liver would produce the stored glycogen keeping within a normal range of glucose level(Cornu & Wright, 2011). .....................

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