As America struggled to restore balance in the period after the American Civil War, Maggie Lena Walker did everything possible to actively effect change, finding solutions to social and economic problems faced by blacks, and especially black women. Taking charge of waving the Independent Order of St. Luke in 1899, converted Walker organization alive and thriving economic engine for Black. With a vision of economic independence, she established a newspaper in 1902, chartered by the St. Luke Penny Savings Bank in 1903, becoming the first woman president of the bank in the United States, and opened a shop run by and for blacks. Throughout his life, Walker survived and flourished in spite of the personal, social and professional barriers. "Hide
by Anthony J. Mayo, Shandi O. Smith Source: Harvard Business School 18 pages. Publication Date: November 25, 2008. Prod. #: 409057-PDF-ENG
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