Describes the change in the competitive environment in the European mobile industry in 2003/2004. In April 2003, four of the leading mobile operators in Europe, Telefonica Moviles in Spain, T-Mobile in Germany, Telecom Italia Mobile, and Orange France, created a "FreeMove" alliance to fight the ever-increasing market presence Vodafone Plc. Only after six months, nine smaller European operators formed a similar alliance called "Starmap" under mmO2, the former mobile subsidiary of British Telecom. "Hide
Africa Arino, Frank Reihl, Frank Riehl Source: IESE 33 pages. Publication Date: April 8, 2005. Prod. #: IES117-PDF-ENG
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