ARTICLE: IMPROVING RED CELL PROVISION Case Solution
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)
A group of inherited red blood cell disorders is known as Stickle Cell Disease (SCD). It has been noted that people who have SCD also have different hemoglobin, which is known asthe S or sickle haemoglobin in their RBC (red blood cells). A protein which presents in RBC that pumps oxygen throughout the body is known as Hemoglobin. Inherited means those diseases which children gets from their parent in genetics, however SCD is not a disease which can be catch from other people like flu, infections etc.
National, National, Heart Lung and blood Institute)
Moreover, it has also been noted that people who have SCD inherit two abnormal haemoglobingenetics, one from each of their parent. In normal cases at least one of these two abnormal haemoglobins cause the other to make haemoglobin S. In addition, when a person’s haemoglobin starts forming two haemoglobin S, it is known as haemoglobin SS which is the most severe type of SCD and its known as SCA (Sickle Cell Anaemia). However, there are some other common types of SC,which are Haemoglobin Sβ thalassemia.Some other common types of Sickle Cell disease are Haemoglobin SS, Haemoglobin SC, Haemoglobin Sβ0 thalassemia, Haemoglobin Sβ+ thalassemia, Haemoglobin SD and Haemoglobin SE. (National, National, Heart Lung and blood Institute)
Thalassemia
It is a blood disorder which is being transferred from ancestors to their children and families, through which the body starts forming abnormal haemoglobin. Haemoglobin is a protein which works as a mediator for passing oxygen throughout the body. Whenever a large number of red blood cells aredestroyed due to this disorder it is known as anaemia. It can also cause serious issues in human body which include iron overload, cardiovascular illness etc. Moreover, these disorders of blood cells can also prevent the suffering person from malaria. However, thalassemia also causes other minor and severe disease as it becomes severe in any person sincethalassemia affects haemoglobinand that leads towards Sickle Cell Disease.According to statistics,25000 people died in 2013 from thalassemia which was far less than 36000 people in 1990. This means Thalassemia is decreasing worldwide.(Plus, 2014)
Causes and Genetics of Thalassemia
The composition of haemoglobin depends on two proteins which are alpha protein and the beta protein. Whenever one protein or a defect in gene of one protein controls the other’s production then this leads to Thalassemia. Mainly there are two types of Thalassemia, which are Alpha thalassemia and Beta Thalassemia. (Plus, 2014)
Thalassemia by Region
It has been noted that people who get Alpha thalassemiaare often from the Southeast Asia, Middle East, China and African desserts. However, those people who suffered from the second type were belonging from Mediterranean origin. A small number of people from China and other Asian regions also got the same disease. (Plus, 2014)
Types of Thalassemia
Mainly there are two types of Thalassemia as we discussed earlier, however in these types there are further sub types as Alpha and Beta thalassemia has minor and major forms.................
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