Abortion practices and societal norms in the Mexico City during 19th Century Harvard Case Solution & Analysis

Abortion practices and societal norms in the Mexico City during 19 Century Case Study Help

Analysis:

The display of women sculptures at the Mexican Room of the National Museum of Anthropology with young bodies, naked and firm breasts, and emaciated faces represented the death of the females during childbirth. The cihuateteo (female goddess) were considered to be highly destructive forces. They tend to be the part of tzitizimime (demons) threatening the continuity of the man and the land. Differences in the ceremonies of the cultural rituals at specific at particular times were considered to eradicate the non-beneficial impacts concentrated in the sexual offenders from the men’s world. Additionally, the adultery tend to be a conduct with the capability to bring disgrace to the community and the family. (Aragón, 2018 )

As the literature demonstrated the fact that by nineteenth century, about seven children were born by an average women during her entire life. Due to the likelihood of having large families, average American wife had represented increased use of abortion practices which was little among married women. This clearly meant that the rate of abortion practices were higher in unmarried woman leading of societal concerns and was considered as the best way to end up with their non-marital pregnancies. (Sauer, 1974) For instance, the use of nahua drugs served as abortifacients tending to the way to keep the sexual relations hidden from the society. (Aragón, 2018 )

Although the abortion practices were frequent in the region of North America during 17^th century to the end of 19^th century. A large number of tribal societies were well-aware of the practice to induce abortions. For this purpose, wide-ranging methods and techniques were used which mainly include the use cedar root and black root which is known to function as the abortifacients agents. During the colonial period, there had been variation in the legality of abortion which ranged from colony to colony reflecting the European country attitude required to control the specific colony. (Membrilla, 2019)

However, abortion was considered legal in the British colonies in case of performing them prior to quickening. Similarly, the frequent performance of abortions in the French colonies were recorded despite considering them as illegal practice. The abortion practices were also considered illegal in Portuguese and Spanish colonies. By the end of 18^th century to the mid of 19^th century, the abortion practice was not accepted socially. In contradiction, abortion was not restricted in many of the states. During half of the 19^th century, anti-abortion laws were passed by many of the states which turned out to be ambiguous and leading to the emergence of difficulties in its enforcement.

After mid-19^th century, due to the vigorous enforcement of anti-abortion laws, many of the women initiated the utilization of underground and illegal services of abortion. (Z., 1979) According to Anthologist, approximately 150 women were impregnated by Moctezuma Xocoyotzin were forced to have an abortion for varying social and political interests. Similarly, Margarita Nolasco described the use of mechanical techniques for abortion practices by all indigenous groups like stomach hit, concoctions ingestion which tend to be somehow effective. (Membrilla, 2019)

During the 19^th century, the established sources of women regarding medical care were taken over by the male physicians and the knowledge caused the friction among women regarding their health and rising services associated with medical professions. (CR, 1992 ) In the pre-colonial period, midwives were generally referred to as ticitl – health experts who were responsible to provide medical care to the patient both before and after the birth of the child. (Membrilla, 2019)As physicians were well aware about the information and the processes required for the abortion practices. Therefore, physicians were known to share information with the women for the prevention of the pregnancy. This is primarily known to interfere with the natural functions of biological motherhood. Thus, women were no longer supported by the reproduction who were known to utilize contraceptives had abortion. (CR, 1992 )

Furthermore, the possible ways demonstrated by the ticitl to women to induce abortion practices mainly included medical baths, surgeries, rituals, and herb concoctions. One of such herbs used for inducing abortion mainly included the use of Dioscorea mexicana which was largely used by midwives. Despite such increased involvement of women in such crime over past decades, abortion is still a crime which in Mexico City. As this was common in the ancient times, when women were highly victimized for rape due to their choice of rejecting a man for having sexual relationship until they are married. (Membrilla, 2019)

Conclusion Statement:

Based on the analysis of the study, in the nineteenth century, hypothesis 1 is accepted i.e. increased rate of abortion practices are caused by the negative role of Mexican society................................

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