Formation of Regulatory Committee for Decentralization of Lebanon Case Solution And Analysis, HBR Case Study Solution & Analysis of Harvard Case Studies

Introduction

Lebanon is a small and often lighted by the stigma of war-torn past. The geographical location of Lebanon is highly valuable and desired because it is situated in the Mediterranean Sea, also the territories touch the three continent Africa, Europe and Asia. These three continents can access from the crossroad therefore, it is a center of cheap and effective trade of the Middle East region.

The political situation after independence was not good because of different communities which cannot live together namely; Christians and Muslims. The third factor that disturbs the political stability is the Palestinians and Syrian refugees. However, Lebanon faced and survived in these conditions and disrupted day by day. During the era of 1975 to 1991, after the civil war the government of Lebanon has gradually regained the power but still it faces political violence in the from Israel (Blanchard, 2014).

Causes of Decentralization in Lebanon

Factions in Lebanon

Lebanon was experiencing the civil war or civil strife, primarily as the result of the spillover effect of the Syria civil war. In the past, Lebanon suffered fifteen years of the civil war; therefore, the political leader of Lebanon desired is to avoid the resumption of war. They emphasize on the brake on violence, growing pressure caused by the influx of Syrian refugees and day by day rising sectarian tensions; these all make abruptly unstable the Lebanon economy and its civil condition.

In that case, the United States has strategic interests in preventing renewed conflict in Lebanon. This is because it caused regional instability in protecting Israel and against the ungoverned jihadists like Hezbollah and other terrorist forces.

Lebanon suffered directly by the civil war in Syria. The growing sectarian violence and rising influx of refugees are paralyzing the institution of states. The economic growth and infrastructure is directly linked with the country’s security, and the repercussion of the Syrian crisis has affected all neighboring countries. Moreover, the assets of Lebanon are absorbed the negative consequence by the Syrian crisis, which continuously deteriorated the economy of Lebanon (Nader, 2013).

In the eve of independence in 1943, Lebanon’s population was divided into Christine and Muslims. Also, they were further divided into 18 recognized religious sections and the major communities called Maronite Christians, Sunni, and Shi’a Muslims. The cabinet was divided into communities in equal balance.

Growth of Sectarian Violence:

There are two major political camps that create the political crisis in Lebanon. The government opposition parties are Hezbollah and Amal; and the second is a national freedom movement (Maronite).

In addition, the supportive parties are Mustaqbal Movement (Sunni) and social party name Druze.

Due to this, there are two factors that play part in Lebanon sectarian growth; the first is dependent on the leadership of Lebanon, which divided into multiple religious communities and the second is the sectarian violence that increases the hate based attacks like tit for tat kidnapping, suicide attacks, rape of women and other serious crime. All these crimes are responsible for sectarian violence in Lebanon.

Increasing influx of refugees:

Due to civil war in Syria, the refugees from Syria to Lebanon were increasing rapidly and this process took place for a year and the two million refugees transferred from Syria to Lebanon. Also, the total population of Lebanon is approximately four million therefore, it can be said the Lebanon population increased by 50% in 12 months, which is a big drawback for economy of Lebanon and the politics. Lebanon is already a fragile infrastructure therefore; the government has been facing issues regarding water, electricity and food. Other issues are the incidence of disease increase and health and education system collapse.

Due to these refugees the social and economic conditions of Lebanon have further deteriorated. The refugees are increasingly targeted in attacks from Lebanon’s religious parties and group. As a result, the refugees retaliate with their own gangs and these groups increase fractious arena in Lebanon.Formation of Regulatory Committee for Decentralization of Lebanon Case Solution

Paralyzing of state institution

The political paralysis in Lebanon was established due to the dividing of the cabinet into groups; one that supports Syria and other does not supports Syria. By this condition, the election continuously delayed as the parties failed to consensus on a new president. The present government fails to accomplish the current challenges. Lebanon armed forces are directly affected by Sunni groups who want to cross the border to attack in Syria against Hezbollah. Jihadi call the LAFs Sunni soldier to come with them and fight against the Hezbollah.................

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