Chevron’s Infrastructure Evolution Case Solution And Analysis, HBR Case Study Solution & Analysis of Harvard Case Studies

Answer 1:

Seismic Imaging

Seismic imaging has been quite an effective tool for energy companies and is being continuously used by them for the past eight decades. However, understanding the process or the way seismic imaging works is quite essential and vital as this has been quite beneficial tool for decades. The basic function of seismic imaging is to reveal or explore the bearing formations of crude oil and natural gas, but the process is done by creating sound waves leveraging the toll that bounces off the underground rock structures. This has been the process, which is carried out leveraging seismic imaging tool to discover oil and gas reserves.

However, in order to carry on with the process and generate sound waves, it is important to record sound waves for which seismologists take help form ultra sensitive devices known as geo phones. Geo phones record sound waves while they echo within the earth and the waves generated are recorded. Echoes that are generated are then studied by the petroleum geologists, who then make efforts to calculate the structure that are being buried within the geological formations and their depth leveraging the study on echoes (Ritsema, 1999).

This entire process guides the geologists to identify oil and gas reservoirs that are residing under the earth’s surface. The geologists have been making constant efforts to identify new reservoirs and, with the advancements and enhancements in technology the process has become easier providing a more precise method. The methods have also become efficient and have reduced the load on geologists to make heavy efforts to identify oil and gas reserves.

Seismic imaging has gone through rapid development in the past few decades and has been constantly serving the geologists, making their work easier and more efficient. The 3-D seismic imaging creates an image similar to an x-ray scan of the subsurface providing a high definition picture, covering thousands of square miles. This step is followed by the analysis section in which the geologists analyze the data leveraging different technologies and software.

The geologists record multiple 3-D surveys which enables them to generate time lapses which give a clear picture or image to the geologists at different stages of depletion. This entire process, which is facilitated with the sue of efficient and advanced technologies and computer systems enable geologists to identify the resources and speed up the process of discovering and producing oil and gas (Hubral, 1996).

Use of Seismic Imaging by Chevron

Seismic imaging has helped Chevron a great deal and has guided the company in enhancing its exploration discovery rate to a significant level. By leveraging this technology, the company has improved on the process of looking beneath surface of the earth as the process has become more efficient and the results have become clearer and accurate.

Seismic imaging is the proprietary tool which has been utilized by the company quite efficiently and has helped the company in identifying reservoirs for oil and gas at some challenging areas and locations. The developments in the technology have improved the efficiency which is being greatly utilized by the company and with the developments of more sophisticated velocity models; seismic images have become more accurate.

Sorting out geological secrets that are residing somewhere very deep under the surface of the earth have become easier with the availability of the information collected in developing seismic images. The data that is gathered from recording echoes is quite huge and the company needs efficient supercomputers in order to process the data and further analyze which will lead to the formation of the final 3-D image. However, the company needs to develop an accurate image which will enable the correct exploration and discovery.

Chevron’s Infrastructure Evolution Case Solution

Chevron has been the pioneer in the industry to leverage this technology and has evolved with the passage of time. The company has been constantly investing in identifying and adopting new technologies that are cost effective and efficient as well, which will allow the company to develop accurate images through efficient analysis. This technology has been greatly utilized by Chevron and has reduced the cost, minimize the errors, increased the efficiency and made the phase of operation more accurate and efficient.

Answer 2:

Security Concerns with SCADA

Some of the major security concerns that are associated with SCADA include the attack from hackers that is quite possible. Previously, it was believed that SCADA networks are isolated and it is quite difficult for hackers to access them. However, the inert-connectivity has raised the concern and diminishes this misconception making it quite clear that the systems are in the reach of the hackers. Hackers can access different machines and can destroy the system by stealing information away. .................

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